Glossary

 

"Al Aqsa" Intifida

Palestinian conflict or uprising that began September, 2000, after the breakdown of Israel-Palestinian peace talks in Camp David.

Areas "A" & "B"

Disputed west-bank areas under negotiation since Oslo.
A: PA controlled areas,
B: PA civil control & Israeli security-controlled
C: Israeli controlled areas
Maps from the Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies http://www.biu.ac.il/Besa/books/maps.htm

Camp David (II)

A last-ditch effort by then President Clinton to bring Yassir Arafat and Ehud Barak to the negotiating table in July, 2000. Barak made major territorial concessions which Arafat refused to accept, although he made no counter-offers. The talks broke down because of Arafat's refusal.
http://www.jajz-ed.org.il/100/concepts/d5.html#david2
Map of Jerusalem:
Backgrounds on Jerusalem:
http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/go.asp?MFAH0hld0
http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/go.asp?MFAH0hle0
Refugees:
http://www.jajz-ed.org.il/100/maps/refuge.html

Durban

Site of the Fall, 2001 UN Conference Against Racism which certain groups used as a platform for anti-Israel invective.

Green Line/Seam

The boundary marking the border between Israeli controlled areas and areas under PA administration.

Hamas, Hizbollah

Officially termed by the United States as terrorist organizations whose objective is to use any means possible (including violence) to fight Israel.

Hasbara

Explaining the facts in the Middle East Conflict; Israel Advocacy.

See our special Hasbara section at

http://www.jewishagency-ed.org/hasbara/index.html

Jerusalem

Capital of Israel, contested by the Palestinian Authority.
http://www.jewishagency-ed.org/jerusalem/united.html

Jewish Refugees from Arab Lands

Throughout 1947 and 1948 more than 850,000 Jews living in Arab countries were persecuted by their governments and ultimately had their property confiscated despite having lived in their communities for over 2,500 years. As a result, many of them sought refuge in the State of Israel.
http://www.jajz-ed.org.il/100/maps/refs.html

Jihad

Arabic for "Holy war", that is, a war based on the clash of ideologies.

"Land for Peace"

Basis of negotiation requiring Israel's relinquishing control of certain territories to PA control in return for peace.

Oslo

Interim Agreement, signed 28 September 1995 outlining redeployment in Areas A, B, C; specifics to be resolved in the interim period or in Final Status accords.
http://www.jajz-ed.org.il/100/maps/index.html

Palestinian Authority

Governing body for Palestinians headed by Yassir Arafat.

Right of Return

Israeli law by which anyone of Jewish descent has the right to Israeli citizenship.

Settlements

Israeli communities in the disputed West Bank area.

Sharm Accords

The Sharm el Sheikh agreement in September, 1999, was a rapid intervention by the new Prime Minister, Ehud Barak, to put the Peace Process back on track by setting target dates for a staged, but relatively rapid implementation. Redeployment was only very partially implemented and subsequent attempts to proceed with new interim agreements or move to a permanent settlement did not meet with success.
http://www.jajz-ed.org.il/100/maps/sharm.html

Targeted Killings

Pre-emptive strikes against known terrorist leaders conducted by Israel.

Terrorism

Acts of murder and destruction deliberately directed against civilians or military in non-military situations.

Territories

Land captured by Israel in 1967.

UN Resolution 242

Resolution adopted after the Six-Day war requiring Israel's withdrawal from territories captured during the Six-Day war.

West Bank

Area of land unilaterally annexed by Jordan in 1949 - includes East Jerusalem.

Wye

The Wye Agreement was the second agreement between Israel and the Palestinians in November, 1998, under the government of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, brokered by the US Clinton administration. It was intended to restart the peace process.
http://www.jajz-ed.org.il/100/maps/wye.html

Zionism

Belief in the centrality of Israel in Jewish historical & religious experience.
http://www.jajz-ed.org.il/100/index.html

Zionism=Racism

Proposal to equate nationalist Zionist philosophy with ethnic racist prejudice most recently proposed at the United Nation's International Conference on Racism in Durban, SA .
http://www.jajz-ed.org.il/actual/zr/index.html