Convening at the call of Kaufmann Kohler of New York, Reform
rabbis from around the United States met from November 16 through November
19, 1885 with Isaac Mayer Wise presiding. The meeting was declared the
continuation of the Philadelphia Conference of 1869, which was the continuation
of the German Conference of 1841 to 1846. The rabbis adopted the following
seminal text:
1. We recognize in every religion an attempt to grasp the
Infinite, and in every mode, source or book of revelation held sacred
in any religious system the consciousness of the indwelling of God in
man. We hold that Judaism presents the highest conception of the God-idea
as taught in our Holy Scriptures and developed and spiritualized by the
Jewish teachers, in accordance with the moral and philosophical progress
of their respective ages. We maintain that Judaism preserved and defended
midst continual struggles and trials and under enforced isolation, this
God-idea as the central religious truth for the human race.
2. We recognize in the Bible the record of the consecration of the Jewish
people to its mission as the priest of the one God, and value it as the
most potent instrument of religious and moral instruction. We hold that
the modern discoveries of scientific researches in the domain of nature
and history are not antagonistic to the doctrines of Judaism, the Bible
reflecting the primitive ideas of its own age, and at times clothing its
conception of divine Providence and Justice dealing with men in miraculous
narratives.
3. We recognize in the Mosaic legislation a system of training the Jewish
people for its mission during its national life in Palestine, and today
we accept as binding only its moral laws, and maintain only such ceremonies
as elevate and sanctify our lives, but reject al such as are not adapted
to the views and habits of modern civilization.
4. We hold that all such Mosaic and rabbinical laws as regulate diet,
priestly purity, and dress originated in ages and under the influence
of ideas entirely foreign to our present mental and spiritual state. They
fail to impress the modern Jew with a spirit of priestly holiness; their
observance in our days is apt rather to obstruct than to further modern
spiritual elevation.
5. We recognize, in the modern era of universal culture of heart and intellect,
the approaching of the realization of Israel s great Messianic hope for
the establishment of the kingdom of truth, justice, and peace among all
men. We consider ourselves no longer a nation, but a religious community,
and therefore expect neither a return to Palestine, nor a sacrificial
worship under the sons of Aaron, nor the restoration of any of the laws
concerning the Jewish state.
6. We recognize in Judaism a progressive religion, ever striving to be
in accord with the postulates of reason. We are convinced of the utmost
necessity of preserving the historical identity with our great past..
Christianity and Islam, being daughter religions of Judaism, we appreciate
their providential mission, to aid in the spreading of monotheistic and
moral truth. We acknowledge that the spirit of broad humanity of our age
is our ally in the fulfillment of our mission, and therefore we extend
the hand of fellowship to all who cooperate with us in the establishment
of the reign of truth and righteousness among men.
7. We reassert the doctrine of Judaism that the soul is immortal, grounding
the belief on the divine nature of human spirit, which forever finds bliss
in righteousness and misery in wickedness. We reject as ideas not rooted
in Judaism, the beliefs both in bodily resurrection and in Gehenna
and Eden (Hell and Paradise) as abodes for everlasting punishment
and reward.
8. In full accordance with the spirit of the Mosaic legislation, which
strives to regulate the relations between rich and poor, we deem it our
duty to participate in the great task of modern times, to solve, on the
basis of justice and righteousness, the problems presented by the contrasts
and evils of the present organization of society.
A Statement of Principles for Reform
Judaism
Adopted at the 1999 Pittsburgh Convention
Central Conference of American Rabbis
May 1999 - Sivan 5759
Preamble
On three occasions during the last century and a half,
the Reform rabbinate has adopted comprehensive statements to help guide
the thought and practice of our movement. In 1885, fifteen rabbis issued
the Pittsburgh Platform, a set of guidelines that defined Reform Judaism
for the next fifty years. A revised statement of principles, the Columbus
Platform, was adopted by the Central Conference of American Rabbis in
1937. A third set of rabbinic guidelines, the Centenary Perspective, appeared
in 1976 on the occasion of the centenary of the Union of American Hebrew
Congregations and the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion.
Today, when so many individuals are striving for religious meaning, moral
purpose and a sense of community, we believe it is our obligation as rabbis
once again to state a set of principles that define Reform Judaism in
our own time.
Throughout our history, we Jews have remained firmly rooted in Jewish
tradition, even as we have learned much from our encounters with other
cultures. The great contribution of Reform Judaism is that it has enabled
the Jewish people to introduce innovation while preserving tradition,
to embrace diversity while asserting commonality, to affirm beliefs without
rejecting those who doubt, and to bring faith to sacred texts without
sacrificing critical scholarship.
This "Statement of Principles" affirms the central tenets of
Judaism - God, Torah and Israel - even as it acknowledges the diversity
of Reform Jewish beliefs and practices. It also invites all Reform Jews
to engage in a dialogue with the sources of our tradition, responding
out of our knowledge, our experience and our faith. Thus we hope to transform
our lives through kedushah, holiness.
God
We affirm the reality and oneness of God, even as we may
differ in our understanding of the Divine presence.
We affirm that the Jewish people is bound to God by an eternal (b'rit),
covenant, as reflected in our varied understandings of Creation, Revelation
and Redemption.
We affirm that every human being is created b'tzelem Elohim,
in the image of God, and that therefore every human life is sacred.
We regard with reverence all of God's creation and recognize our human
responsibility for its preservation and protection.
We encounter God's presence in moments of awe and wonder, in acts of justice
and compassion, in loving relationships and in the experiences of everyday
life.
We respond to God daily: through public and private prayer, through study
and through the performance of other mitzvot, sacred obligations
-- bein adam la Makom, to God, and bein adam la-chaveiro,
to other human beings.
We strive for a faith that fortifies us through the vicissitudes of our
lives -- illness and healing, transgression and repentance, bereavement
and consolation, despair and hope.
We continue to have faith that, in spite of the unspeakable evils committed
against our people and the sufferings endured by others, the partnership
of God and humanity will ultimately prevail.
We trust in our tradition's promise that, although God created us as finite
beings, the spirit within us is eternal.
In all these ways and more, God gives meaning and purpose to our lives.
Torah
We affirm that Torah is the foundation of Jewish life.
We cherish the truths revealed in Torah, God's ongoing revelation to our
people and the record of our people's ongoing relationship with God.
We affirm that Torah is a manifestation of ahavat olam, God's
eternal love for the Jewish people and for all humanity.
We affirm the importance of studying Hebrew, the language of Torah and
Jewish liturgy, that we may draw closer to our people's sacred texts.
We are called by Torah to lifelong study in the home, in the synagogue
and in every place where Jews gather to learn and teach. Through Torah
study we are called to mitzvot, the means by which we make our
lives holy.
We are committed to the ongoing study of the whole array of mitzvot
and to the fulfillment of those that address us as individuals and as
a community. Some of these mitzvot, sacred obligations, have
long been observed by Reform Jews; others, both ancient and modern, demand
renewed attention as the result of the unique context of our own times.
We bring Torah into the world when we seek to sanctify the times and places
of our lives through regular home and congregational observance. Shabbat
calls us to bring the highest moral values to our daily labor and to culminate
the workweek with kedushah, holiness, menuchah, rest
and oneg, joy. The High Holy Days call us to account for our
deeds. The Festivals enable us to celebrate with joy our people's religious
journey in the context of the changing seasons. The days of remembrance
remind us of the tragedies and the triumphs that have shaped our people's
historical experience both in ancient and modern times. And we mark the
milestones of our personal journeys with traditional and creative rites
that reveal the holiness in each stage of life.
We bring Torah into the world when we strive to fulfill the highest ethical
mandates in our relationships with others and with all of God's creation.
Partners with God in tikkun olam, repairing the world, we are
called to help bring nearer the messianic age. We seek dialogue and joint
action with people of other faiths in the hope that together we can bring
peace, freedom and justice to our world. We are obligated to pursue tzedek,
justice and righteousness, and to narrow the gap between the affluent
and the poor, to act against discrimination and oppression, to pursue
peace, to welcome the stranger, to protect the earth's biodiversity and
natural resources, and to redeem those in physical, economic and spiritual
bondage. In so doing, we reaffirm social action and social justice as
a central prophetic focus of traditional Reform Jewish belief and practice.
We affirm the mitzvah of (tzedakah), setting aside portions of
our earnings and our time to provide for those in need. These acts bring
us closer to fulfilling the prophetic call to translate the words of Torah
into the works of our hands.
In all these ways and more, Torah gives meaning and purpose to our lives.
Israel
We are Israel, a people aspiring to holiness, singled out
through our ancient covenant and our unique history among the nations
to be witnesses to God's presence. We are linked by that covenant and
that history to all Jews in every age and place.
We are committed to the mitzvah of ahavat Yisrael, love
for the Jewish people, and to k'lal Yisrael, the entirety of
the community of Israel. Recognizing that kol Yisrael arevim zeh ba-zeh,
all Jews are responsible for one another, we reach out to all Jews across
ideological and geographical boundaries.
We embrace religious and cultural pluralism as an expression of the vitality
of Jewish communal life in Israel and the Diaspora.
We pledge to fulfill Reform Judaism's historic commitment to the complete
equality of women and men in Jewish life.
We are an inclusive community, opening doors to Jewish life to people
of all ages, to varied kinds of families, to all regardless of their sexual
orientation, to gerim, those who have converted to Judaism, and
to all individuals and families, including the intermarried, who strive
to create a Jewish home.
We believe that we must not only open doors for those ready to enter our
faith, but also to actively encourage those who are seeking a spiritual
home to find it in Judaism.
We are committed to strengthening the people Israel by supporting individuals
and families in the creation of homes rich in Jewish learning and observance.
We are committed to strengthening the people Israel by making the synagogue
central to Jewish communal life, so that it may elevate the spiritual,
intellectual and cultural quality of our lives.
We are committed to Medinat Yisrael, the State of Israel, and
rejoice in its accomplishments. We affirm the unique qualities of living
in Eretz Yisrael, the land of Israel, and encourage aliyah,
immigration to Israel.
We are committed to a vision of the State of Israel that promotes full
civil, human and religious rights for all its inhabitants and that strives
for a lasting peace between Israel and its neighbors.
We are committed to promoting and strengthening Progressive Judaism in
Israel, which will enrich the spiritual life of the Jewish state and its
people.
We affirm that both Israeli and Diaspora Jewry should remain vibrant and
interdependent communities. As we urge Jews who reside outside Israel
to learn Hebrew as a living language and to make periodic visits to Israel
in order to study and to deepen their relationship to the Land and its
people, so do we affirm that Israeli Jews have much to learn from the
religious life of Diaspora Jewish communities.
We are committed to furthering Progressive Judaism throughout the world
as a meaningful religious way of life for the Jewish people.
In all these ways and more, Israel gives meaning and purpose to our lives.
Baruch she-amar ve-haya ha-olam.
Praised be the One through whose word all things came to be.
May our words find expression in holy actions.
May they raise us up to a life of meaning devoted to God's service
And to the redemption of our world.
Source: http://www.ccarnet.org/platforms/principles.html
Copyright © 2000, Central Conference of American Rabbis